Books like Jacques the Fatalist

Jacques le Fataliste et son maître = Jacques the Fatalist, Denis Diderot (1713 - 1784)Jacques the Fatalist and his Master (French: Jacques le fataliste et son maître) is a novel by Denis Diderot, written during the period 1765–1780. The first French edition was published posthumously in 1796, but it was known earlier in Germany, thanks to Goethe's partial translation, which appeared in 1785 and was retranslated into French in 1793, as well as Mylius's complete German version of 1792.The main subject of the book is the relationship between the valet Jacques and his master, who is never named. The two are traveling to a destination the narrator leaves vague, and to dispel the boredom of the journey Jacques is compelled by his master to recount the story of his loves. However, Jacques's story is continually interrupted by other characters and various comic mishaps. Other characters in the book tell their own stories and they, too, are continually interrupted. There is even a "reader" who periodically interrupts the narrator with questions, objections, and demands for more information or detail. The tales told are usually humorous, with romance or sex as their subject matter, and feature complex characters indulging in deception. Jacques's key philosophy is that everything that happens to us down here, whether for good or for evil, has been written up above, on a "great scroll" that is unrolled a little bit at a time. Yet Jacques still places value on his actions and is not a passive character. Critics such as J. Robert Loy have characterized Jacques's philosophy as not fatalism but determinism. The book is full of contradictory characters and other dualities. One story tells of two men in the army who are so much alike that, though they are the best of friends, they cannot stop dueling and wounding each other. Another concerns Father Hudson, an intelligent and effective reformer of the church who is privately the most debauched character in the book. Even Jacques and his master transcend their apparent roles, as Jacques proves, in his insolence, that his master cannot live without him, and therefore it is Jacques who is the master and the master who is the servant. The story of Jacques's loves is lifted directly from Tristram Shandy, which Diderot makes no secret of, as the narrator at the end announces the insertion of an entire passage from Tristram Shandy into the story. Throughout the work, the narrator refers derisively to sentimental novels and calls attention to the ways in which events develop more realistically in his book. At other times, the narrator tires of the tedium of narration altogether and obliges the reader to supply certain trivial details.تاریخ نخستین خوانش: هفدهم ماه نوامبر سال 2008 میلادیعنوان: ژاک قضا و قدری و اربابش؛ اثر: دنی دیدرو؛ مترجم: مینو مشیری؛ مشخصات نشر: تهران، فرهنگ نشر نو، 1386، در 358 ص، رمانهای کلاسیک خارجی، شابک: 9647443196، چاپ دوم 1387، موضوع: داستانهای نویسندگان فرانسوی، فرانسه، سده 18 مرابطه ی میان ژاک (نوکر) و اربابش است، که هرگز نام ارباب در نگاره نمی‌آید. ژاک و اربابش، عازم مکانی نامعلوم هستند، و در طول سفر برای آنکه از کسالت سفر بکاهند، ارباب از ژاک می‌خواهد، که داستان عشق‌های بگذشته‌ های خویش را بازگو کند. داستان ژاک بارها توسط شخصیت‌های دیگر و رخدادهای ناگوار کمیک قطع می‌شود. شخصیت‌های دیگر، داستان‌های خودشان را بازگو می‌کنند، و داستان‌های آن‌ها نیز، بارها قطع می‌شود. حتی شخصیتی با عنوان: «خواننده داستان» نیز، حضور دارد، که بارها حرف راوی را قطع می‌کند: پرسشی می‌پرسد، به چیزی اعتراض می‌کند، یا از روای، می‌خواهد اطلاعات بیشتری به او بدهد، و او را در جریان جزئیات داستان، قرار دهد. موضوع داستان‌هایی که در کتاب روایت می‌شوند بیشتر در باره ی عشق و رابطه هایهٔ جنسی است. شخصیت‌های پیچیده ی داستان، غرق در فریب، و ریاکاری‌ هستن،د و لحن داستان‌ها شوخ‌ طبعانه است. ا. شربیانی